Analysing a Company: DHL

Breaking down a Company: DHL          The point of this key arranging archive is to altogether dissect an organization and dependent on the examination locate the correct methodology that fits the companys business reason and mission. The correct methodology, depending at what is coordinated, should enable the organization to reinforce its situation available; increment benefits; help with further turn of events. On the off chance that an organization actualizes an off-base system, it can cause awful harm or it can have tremendous monetary effect on the organization which could even wind up in liquidation, which clears the organization off the market. The organization picked for this paper is DHL Express with center around European area. DHL is a piece of the Deutsche Post DHL (further DP DHL) brand/gathering. The motivation behind why I have picked DHL for the Strategic Planning Document is that I have been working for DP DHL bunch for a long time. I work explicitly for IT Services which is the administration line that inside backings the entire IT innovation of the entire DP DHL gathering. ABOUT THE COMPANY          DHL was established in San Francisco precisely 40 years back by 3 maturing business people Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom and Robert Lynn. It went from little organization transporting papers via plane from San Francisco to Honolulu1 to worldwide organization delivering EVERYTHING around the globe. DHL conveys time-basic shipments just as products and product by street, rail, air or ocean. DHL transports messenger and express shipments through one of the universes most broad systems to more than 220 nations and domains. The organization utilizes in excess of 300,000 workers all around the globe.          DHL Express gives wide scope of effectively available administrations and answers for their clients; from transport of letters, data to move of bundles and merchandise. It works in excess of 220 nations around the globe and utilizes in excess of 100,000 representatives. DHL Express is number one in Europe with 25% of piece of the pie. Brief history 2 1969 DHL established by Adrian Dalsey, Larry Hillblom and Robert Lynn in San Francisco; 1974 The main UK office opened in London. All around, DHL had in excess of 3,000 clients; 1979 DHL stretches out its administrations to conveying bundles. Just record administrations had been accessible as of recently. 1983 DHL is the principal air express forwarder to serve Eastern European nations. A global appropriation place was opened in Cincinnati, USA; 1985 A best in class center point was opened in Brussels. In excess of 165,000 shipments are dealt with every night 1998 Deutsche Post turned into an investor in DHL; 2002 Deutsche Post World Net turned into the significant investor in DHL and 100% shareholding was finished before the year's over. DHL: Our Company Portrait [online]. Accessible at www: DHL: Steps to progress [online]. Accessible at www: 2005 DP DHL procures Exel, the British coordinations company. Exel fundamentally offers transport and coordinations answers for key clients; 2008 DHL opens new condition of craftsmanship European air center point at Leipzig/Halle Airport in Germany. DHL lawfully works under Groups title characterized as Deutsche Post AG and utilizations its image name DHL. As recently referenced DHL is a piece of DP DHL gathering and is framed by 3 divisions: Express, Global Forwarding, Freight and Supply Chain upheld by inward administrations Global Business Services. Mail is an independent division that is a piece of Deutsche Post brand. Every one of the four divisions together make Deutsche Post DHL as the image beneath portrays. DP DHL: Corporate Presentation, October 2009, p. 3 [online] Available at www. DHL has a divisional type of structure. The DP DHL bunch is sorted out into four working divisions, every one of which works heavily influenced by its own divisional central station. The Group the executives capacities are performed by the Corporate Center. The board duties are organized as per dynamic, obligation and announcing lines: Board offices Corporate offices Business offices Administration offices Districts Offices DHL Express gives normalized items and administrations messenger, express and bundle (CEP) both locally and comprehensively relying upon the nation. Regardless of whether it is record or bundle, street or air, DHL Express gives a few distinct kinds of administrations that are isolated to four essential gatherings: 1. Same Day A prompt get of a shipment by a committed dispatch, with a crisis conveyance around the same time through a devoted system. 2. Time Definite Express way to-entryway conveyance by a specific time on a short-term or next conceivable business day premise. 3. Day Definite Dependable way to-entryway conveyance inside a specific number of days 4. Discretionary Services Delivery accommodation with a scope of discretionary administrations to help your express transportation DP DHL: Annual Report 2008, p. 22 [online] Available at www. DHL: Express Services Good evening [online]. Accessible at www: Outer Analysis Messenger Express and Parcel (CEP) administrations exist in each and every nation around the globe. It is neither nation explicit nor locale explicit industry. There are a huge number of coordinations organizations working locally or globally around the globe and Europe isn't a special case. PESTLE PESTLE investigation is a view on outside condition organizations works in. There are five outer elements that impact life of associations: Political condition, Economical condition, Socio-social condition, Legal condition and Environmental factor. The beneath PESTLE investigation centers around CEP organizations in European market. World of politics          European district is steady condition that isn't influenced by any noteworthy political emergency in nations and no significant changes in political structure are normal in not so distant future. The greater part of European states are coordinated into European people group, European Union and make one of the greatest single markets for exchange and interest on the planet. EU extension has evacuated verges and has made exchange and business increasingly available for its individuals. It has brought more prominent open doors for organizations, more extensive scope of organizations and advantages for their clients.          EU has made nearer interfaces with quick neighbors and empowers greater fares, free development of administrations, installments and capital for exchange and venture. Earlier progression in 90s there were numerous national postal administrators going about as imposing business models. EU chose to begin postal change that right off the bat totally changed CEP advertise. Progression has empowered both national postal administrators (Post Offices) and private postal organizations to grow their business portfolio into bundle and express market. This occurs through acquisitions of entrenched organizations and littler national organizations. Precisely, as it happened to DHL through obtaining by Deutsche Post in 2002. Full advancement in Europe will be finished by 2012 which gives current organizations time to fortify their positions, fabricate new systems and addition more extensive arrangement of clients. EU has additionally developed trust in European political and conservative eventual fate of every part which empowers organizations to settle on longer term choices, systems and venture plans. At present the CEP advertise is profoundly serious and organizations must have funding to build up solid and ground-breaking position in such a situation and must have developed systems bolstered by the innovator advancements. Synopsis: Europe is steady condition where no major political changes are normal. Full progression of European postal market that will be done by 2012 will bring more rivalry particularly on local level. Be that as it may, there is a possibility to combine or procure those organizations working in the nearby markets and increment piece of the overall industry. Huge organizations working on worldwide level have a preferred position of fabricated worldwide systems and present day innovation behind them. Efficient Environment CEP is exceptionally expected market and its development is legitimately identified with the degree of GDP. Worldwide exchange is on the rising level and along with industrialization has made CEP benefits increasingly significant for greater part of ventures. Also, item life cycles have been diminished, quality mindfulness among client is developing and so as to succeed organizations are compelled to keep up top notch principles. The worldwide financial emergencies caused decrease in economy and it has influenced the whole coordinations part. Volume of shipments diminished and the downturn hindered the entire market. Indeed, even the enormous partnerships need to battle with diminished incomes and change their speculation plans and business procedures. Governments around Europe bolster speculation designs by auxiliary changes and projects that urge speculators to contribute. During the enormous financial emergency in 30s this didn't occur and governments would in general act independently without worldwide or even worldwide participation. Todays economies gained from those missteps which help to bring down the suggestions, increment client request and bolster beginning of development. Because of the emergency organizations changed their speculation designs yet didn't stop them. Converges with littler organizations, understandings and key acquisitions speak to one method of expanding the upper hand. Developing markets speak to enormous open door in long haul point of view. There is potential for speculation and improvement in developing markets and it is normal that industrialization will bring openings, the economy will development and market for administrations will quicken. The emergency adversely influences benefits of each organization on one hand yet then again huge partnerships with solid brand and position in the market need to abuse this chance. Littler organizations don't can possibly extend on the grounds that they are in greater danger of losing cash or even liquidation on the off chance that they fizzle. Huge organizations can retain that hazard a lot of eas

Theory and Practice of Change Management

Question: Talk about the Theory and Practice of Change Management. Answer: Presentation: Correspondence assumes a significant job in building up a fruitful correspondence between the business and the workers of an association, and keeping in mind that any sort of hierarchical change is being presented, the straightforward progression of data between the two closures is totally required. In the time of 2006, when the CEO of Sun Microsystems, was changed, relatively few representatives were set up to acknowledge an existent worker in another job, and henceforth Jonathon Schwartz, the new CEO needed to receive a reasonable correspondence methodology. According to the KAA model, mindfulness and acknowledgment are the two change stages that fit best the correspondence procedure embraced by Schwartz. As it tends to be seen, Schwartz as opposed to forcing change on the representatives, and building up his position, Schwartz decided to draw in his subordinates, during the time spent planning an execution system. He tuned in to the individuals, educated them about his choice and plans, made mindfulness among them about the new duties, and the new plans he has defined. Further, Schwartz likewise utilized blogging as a successful methods for speaking with the representatives of Sun Microsystems that helped the workers acknowledge him. While connecting with the workers, Schwartz prevailing with regards to setting up a nearby bond with his subordinates, because of which he couldn't just acquaint the progressions with the representatives, however could undoubtedly enable the workers to deal with the change (Hayes 2014). Rather than ordering change, Schwartz was prudent enough to change the worker mentality and disposition, by holding intelligent meetings and standard gatherings with the representatives. This two path strategy for correspondence helps in picking up the certainty of the subordinates, along these lines helping them to acknowledge the initiative style of Schwartz (Cornelissen 2014). It has been gotten that despite the fact that Schwartz had embraced a successful correspondence methodology for conveying the change to the representatives, a couple of more recommendations could be valuable here. The second a change is occurring in an association, the workers for the most part have one inquiry as a main priority, and that is the reason the change is going on by any means. Despite the fact that, Schwartz possesses committed adequate energy for speaking with the workers, he has concentrated much on the reason for presenting an abrupt change in the association. Except if the representatives know about the motivation behind the change, just as their own advantages out of the proposed change, they will never grasp the change, and work towards the equivalent ( Dozier et al. 2013). Further, it is likewise exceptionally essential to keep on re-repeating the thought process, just as a definitive advantages of the change before the representatives, with the goal that they can without much of a stretch acknowledge the change, and work towards it. Aside from the normal intelligent meetings, and gatherings, it is additionally essential to impart the need of progress, by means of regular gatherings, on-on-one discussion, introductions, conceptualizing workshops, screen saver messages, and some more. It ought to be additionally recalled, that it isn't only adequate to impart the need and reason for change to the representatives, it is similarly imperative to know whether the encoded message is effectively decoded by the workers or not. It might happen that couple of the representatives couldn't decipher the estimation of the proposed change in an appropriate manner, or some of them are prevented by a couple non-helpful workers. Henceforth it is basic to utilize appraisal devices, that will help in understanding whether the message imparted is appropriately deciphered and decoded by the representative or not (Hrebiniak et al. 2013). Reference List: Cornelissen, J., 2014.Corporate correspondence: A manual for hypothesis and practice. Sage. Dozier, D.M., Grunig, L.A. furthermore, Grunig, J.E., 2013.Manager's manual for greatness in advertising and correspondence the board. Routledge. Hayes, J., 2014.The hypothesis and practice of progress the executives. Palgrave Macmillan. Hrebiniak, L.G., 2013.Making methodology work: Leading powerful execution and change. FT Press.

New Student Photo Series 2011 Post #7 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2011 â€" Post #7 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The new student photo series continues again today.   If you have sent photos, thank you and we will work on posting.   If   you have yet to send photos see this entry for details. The first set today comes from Linda Pappagallo, an incoming MIA student. The first two pictures were taken in Ghana and the last in Mozambique. Life at 6am My Political Party and my dog Waiting for the Portuguese The next set is from Daniel A. Mikhailov, an incoming MIA student. In Russia, behind every powerful man, is a Matryoshka. Somewhere in Israel on camelback we came across a traveler. Phnom Penh, Cambodia: Hi Ms. Champei, may I borrow some sugar please (neighborly interaction).

Benjamin Henry Latrobe United States Capitol - 1360 Words

Benjamin Henry Latrobe: United States Capitol The United States of America was founded upon the motto E Pluribus Unum â€Å"out of many one†. Out of the 196 countries found in the world, the United States of America sticks out as the pinnacle. The United States is the most powerful country in the world and the most important building that resides in it is the United States Capitol. A number of architects were assigned with the task to design and oversee the building of the United States Capitol, but Benjamin Henry Latrobe played the most influential role in creating the building we know and love today. The United States Capitol is one of the most architecturally and fundamentally important buildings in the world because in it resides the†¦show more content†¦At the age of twenty, he took a tour around Europe studying the renowned buildings and architecture of the late-18th century, including the Pantheon in Rome. He was sent to Samuel Pepys Cockerell to formally study architecture and he took a Civil Engineering internship led by prominent John Smeaton. After learning this background knowledge of the field, Latrobe decided to start his own business. He was not very successful only receiving commissions from few minor projects and this led his business to bankruptcy. His first wife ended up dying due to childbirth, as a result, he decided to move to America in 1795 in hopes of starting fresh. This risk was very well rewarded. Benjamin Henry Latrobe ended up designing the Bank of Pennsylvania, St. John s Church, Decatur House, the Roman Catholic Cathedral and most importantly the United States Capitol. He ended up remarrying and had a son Henry Sellon Boneval Latrobe that too became a very successful architect. On September 3, 1820 at the age of 56, Benjamin Henry Boneval Latrobe died of yellow fever in New Orleans while completing the city s municipal water system started by his son. He was placed at Saint Louis Cemetery in New Orleans next to his son who had died three years earlier from th e same disease. The United States Capitol, the home of American democracy is one of the most recognizable buildings in the world. The building of the Capital reflects the

Capital Punishment And Its Effect On Society - 2096 Words

Throughout history, capital punishment has been practiced in many areas in regards to major crimes. Capital punishment is the execution of a convicted criminal as a punishment for the committed crimes, with methods of execution that include electrocutions, gas chambers, lethal injections, etc. Capital punishment has more recently been taken into moral standards, resulting in more than half of the United Nations’ members abolishing its use. (http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/) However, the death penalty remains legal in 32 states in America to this very day. The Utilitarian ideology supports capital punishment, arguing that it decreases crime and is best for the whole of society. In contrast to Utilitarianism, many people oppose the death†¦show more content†¦2. pg. 9-10). This is a consequentialist theory that focuses on the ends rather than the means, in which actions must be observed in order to decide the action’s morality. The most important matter is the amo unt of happiness or unhappiness that is created as a consequence of an action. When determining the amount of happiness, Mill says that everybody must account for one, meaning that everyone’s happiness value is equivalent. In regards to punishment, Utilitarianism defines this as taking someone’s life or their freedom by ways of capital punishment or imprisonment. Good consequences, such as protection and safety, are to be maximized for society. Mill was a proponent of capital punishment because he believed it offered multiple benefits to society. In his speech â€Å"Speech in Favor of Capital Punishment,† Mill stated, â€Å"we endeavor to devise some punishment for the living criminal which shall act on the human mind with a deterrent force at all comparable to that of death, we are driven to inflictions less severe indeed in appearance, and therefore less efficacious, but far more cruel in reality.† According to Mill, the primary benefits of capital pun ishment are incapacitation and deference. Comfort and gratification were also secondary benefits of capital punishment. The

Midtermquestion obesity Free Essays

Generally, much of the blame for obesity’s widespread existence in Western society is placed upon poor lifestyle. In the case of the former, the increasing pervasiveness of a sedentary lifestyle, characterized by long periods of inactivity (such as sitting in an office) with little to no exercise, in addition to a decreasing amount of leisure time being spent on physical activity, as opposed to video games and television viewing. (Bleich, et. We will write a custom essay sample on Midtermquestion obesity or any similar topic only for you Order Now al., 2007) In the case of the latter, over-eating remains a problem, despite advances in nutritional awareness. Additionally, the increasing reliance on fast-food meals, with their energy dense composition, have quadrupled the calorie intake of the average American over the period between 1977 and 1995.   (Lin, et. al., 1999) Genetics also play a part in the development of obesity. Excess calorie intake and how it translates into body mass is affected by various factors such as the genes which regulate metabolism, appetite and adipokine. Additionally, there are various genetic conditions that have been identified as symptomatized by obesity (e.g. Bardet-Biedl syndrome, leptin receptor mutations and MOMO syndrome). Farooqi O’Rahilly (2006) have also noted that obesity has a hereditary component. Chakravarthy Booth (2004) have also theorized that certain ethnicities may be more prone to obesity, as an evolutionary means of taking advantage of abundance in between long periods of food scarcity. As such, the genetic disposition towards obesity is an advantage in surviving famine, but a maladaptive trait in a society with food stability. Obesity may also be affected by medical illnesses such as Cushing’s syndrome, growth hormone deficiency and hypothyroidism. The treatment of some illnesses may also lead to fluctuations in weight, as a side effect of medication taken (e.g. antipsychotics, fertility meds). Quitting smoking has also been recognized as a cause of moderate weight gain, due to the resulting loss of appetite suppression. Also, some psychological disorders such as bulimia or binge disorders contribute direct risks of obesity. The mechanisms of neurobiology also contribute to the development of obesity. In addition to leptin (which regulates the intake and expenditure of energy) substances such as ghrelin (which regulates short-term appetite) are linked with the maintenance of obesity. (Flier, 2004). Other such substances include adiponectin which regulates glucose, cholecystokinin which stimulates the digestion of fat and protein, and PYY 3-36 which responds to food intake by reducing appetite. Finally, social determinants contribute to obesity by significantly affecting the habits formed that contribute to obesity. In a 2004 study, it was noted that there was an inverse correlation between wealth and obesity, suggesting that lower income individuals rely on cheaper fast food for nourishment. (Zagorsky, 2004). Also, a 2007 study followed more than 32,500 individuals over a span of 32 years and found that changes in body mass of friends, and siblings were reliable predictors of changes in subjects, regardless of geographical distance, suggesting that the acceptance of one’s body mass has an influence on changes in body size. (Christakis Fowler, 2007) REFERENCES Bleich, S., Cutler, D., Murray, C. Adams, A. (2007) Why Is The Developed World Obese?. Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 29. Retrieved May 5, 2008 from: http://www.nber.org/papers/w12954.pdf Lin, B.H., Guthrie, J. Frazao E. (1999) â€Å"Nutrient contribution of food away from home†. In: Frazao, E. (Ed). America’s Eating Habits: Changes and Consequences. Agriculture Information Bulletin No. 750, US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, pp. 213–239. Farooqi, S., O’Rahilly, S. (2006) Genetics of obesity in humans. Endocrine Review, Volume 27. Chakravarthy, M.V., Booth, F.W. (2004). Eating, exercise, and â€Å"thrifty† genotypes: connecting the dots toward an evolutionary understanding of modern chronic diseases. Journal of Applied Physiology, Volume 96. Flier, J.S. (2004). Obesity wars: molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic. Cell, Volume 116, Issue 2, pp. 337-350. Zagorsky, J.L. (2004) Is Obesity as Dangerous to Your Wealth as to Your Health? Res Aging Volume 26, pp. 130-152. Christakis, N.A., Fowler, J.H. (2007) The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years.†       How to cite Midtermquestion obesity, Essay examples

Midtermquestion obesity Free Essays

Generally, much of the blame for obesity’s widespread existence in Western society is placed upon poor lifestyle. In the case of the former, the increasing pervasiveness of a sedentary lifestyle, characterized by long periods of inactivity (such as sitting in an office) with little to no exercise, in addition to a decreasing amount of leisure time being spent on physical activity, as opposed to video games and television viewing. (Bleich, et. We will write a custom essay sample on Midtermquestion obesity or any similar topic only for you Order Now al., 2007) In the case of the latter, over-eating remains a problem, despite advances in nutritional awareness. Additionally, the increasing reliance on fast-food meals, with their energy dense composition, have quadrupled the calorie intake of the average American over the period between 1977 and 1995.   (Lin, et. al., 1999) Genetics also play a part in the development of obesity. Excess calorie intake and how it translates into body mass is affected by various factors such as the genes which regulate metabolism, appetite and adipokine. Additionally, there are various genetic conditions that have been identified as symptomatized by obesity (e.g. Bardet-Biedl syndrome, leptin receptor mutations and MOMO syndrome). Farooqi O’Rahilly (2006) have also noted that obesity has a hereditary component. Chakravarthy Booth (2004) have also theorized that certain ethnicities may be more prone to obesity, as an evolutionary means of taking advantage of abundance in between long periods of food scarcity. As such, the genetic disposition towards obesity is an advantage in surviving famine, but a maladaptive trait in a society with food stability. Obesity may also be affected by medical illnesses such as Cushing’s syndrome, growth hormone deficiency and hypothyroidism. The treatment of some illnesses may also lead to fluctuations in weight, as a side effect of medication taken (e.g. antipsychotics, fertility meds). Quitting smoking has also been recognized as a cause of moderate weight gain, due to the resulting loss of appetite suppression. Also, some psychological disorders such as bulimia or binge disorders contribute direct risks of obesity. The mechanisms of neurobiology also contribute to the development of obesity. In addition to leptin (which regulates the intake and expenditure of energy) substances such as ghrelin (which regulates short-term appetite) are linked with the maintenance of obesity. (Flier, 2004). Other such substances include adiponectin which regulates glucose, cholecystokinin which stimulates the digestion of fat and protein, and PYY 3-36 which responds to food intake by reducing appetite. Finally, social determinants contribute to obesity by significantly affecting the habits formed that contribute to obesity. In a 2004 study, it was noted that there was an inverse correlation between wealth and obesity, suggesting that lower income individuals rely on cheaper fast food for nourishment. (Zagorsky, 2004). Also, a 2007 study followed more than 32,500 individuals over a span of 32 years and found that changes in body mass of friends, and siblings were reliable predictors of changes in subjects, regardless of geographical distance, suggesting that the acceptance of one’s body mass has an influence on changes in body size. (Christakis Fowler, 2007) REFERENCES Bleich, S., Cutler, D., Murray, C. Adams, A. (2007) Why Is The Developed World Obese?. Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 29. Retrieved May 5, 2008 from: http://www.nber.org/papers/w12954.pdf Lin, B.H., Guthrie, J. Frazao E. (1999) â€Å"Nutrient contribution of food away from home†. In: Frazao, E. (Ed). America’s Eating Habits: Changes and Consequences. Agriculture Information Bulletin No. 750, US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Washington, DC, pp. 213–239. Farooqi, S., O’Rahilly, S. (2006) Genetics of obesity in humans. Endocrine Review, Volume 27. Chakravarthy, M.V., Booth, F.W. (2004). Eating, exercise, and â€Å"thrifty† genotypes: connecting the dots toward an evolutionary understanding of modern chronic diseases. Journal of Applied Physiology, Volume 96. Flier, J.S. (2004). Obesity wars: molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic. Cell, Volume 116, Issue 2, pp. 337-350. Zagorsky, J.L. (2004) Is Obesity as Dangerous to Your Wealth as to Your Health? Res Aging Volume 26, pp. 130-152. Christakis, N.A., Fowler, J.H. (2007) The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years.†       How to cite Midtermquestion obesity, Essay examples

Of Mice And Men Essays (2270 words) - English-language Films

Of Mice And Men The book that I have read that has really stayed with me is "Of Mice and Men" by John Steinbeck. I really enjoyed reading it which is unusual because I usually don't enjoy reading too much. There was something about George and Lennie's friendship that really made me think. Seeing how they were and how they shared life was really interesting. George didn't have to bother with Lennie, he could have abandoned him and gone on his own way. But he did not do that, he stayed with Lennie watching over him almost like a parent to a child. Even though Lennie always got George in trouble, George never stopped loving him and always stood by him. The friendship they shared went beyond what was not really there they each shared a dream and both knew they meant the world to each other. I felt that if these totally different people could get along and look out for each other, why can't we get along with people who are different than us. They made me realize that I could learn something from them on how to treat people who are different than me. What I also liked about it was the way they never stopped trying to reach their dream. This made me think that if they could work hard for their dream why can't I ?! It showed me that it does not matter where you come from or what you do, it is okay to dream and work as hard as you can to reach it. For all it shows for friendship and loyalty it also shows how sometimes you have to do things you never thought you would do. For example in the end when George is forced to shoot Lennie in the head you would never have thought he would do that, but you can see that under the circumstances he had no other choice. He only had two choices: let the other people get to him first and watch them torture Lennie while he died a long horrible death or do it himself and get it over quickly where Lennie did not know what hit him. This is also true in life, many times we are faced with tough choices and even though they may be the hardest you will have to go through, you know that that is the only way. You come to the realization that everything you thought you were about, can all change with a blink of the eye. Each and every morning when I wake up, I roll out of bed, attempt to do my hair perfectly, and then put on my uniform. Now,for some people this may be a fairly easy decision, but for others, it's a painstaking, mind-boggling,headache-causing thing that they are forced to go through every day of their existence. Unlucky for me, I happen to be the latter. But there are so many decisions that need to be made by each one of us every day, and some are harder than others. Like the decision whether to kill your best-friend or to let somebody else do it. It may sound absurd, but that's the decision George is forced to make in the end of "Of Mice and Men" . At the end of the book when Lennie is being searched for, there are three choices George had. He could run away with Lennie, not do anything and let the others kill Lennie, or kill Lennie himself. He chose to kill his best-friend, Lennie, himself and he made the right decision. If George had told Lennie that they were going to run away when they met down in the brush, they might've had a small chance of survival. But this chance was made almost non-existent by the fact that they were being chased by dogs and a bunch of angry men with shot guns. They never would've made it. What most likely would've happened would be that both Lennie and George would've gotten shot because it would've looked like they were running because they both helped to kill Curley's wife. There were no ties between Curley and anyone on the ranch, especially these two, so nothing would've stopped him from putting a bullet in both of their heads. George obviously didn't want to die, so he couldn't choose to run. He just would've wound up dead too. George also could've stayed at the ranch with Candy and done nothing, or just followed the rest of the

20150630 750 Disc Essay

20150630 750 Disc Essay 20150630 750 Disc Essay The project I am working on at Mayo Clinic deals with improving flow within the Supply Chain Management Department. Specifically, I am working with the Master Data Management and Sourcing Pricing Quoting teams to document current flow and resource use to better determine a smoother system and uncover any gaps in research and processing. In healthcare there is a continual push for optimization and SWOT and force field analysis provide a valuable assessment of opportunities and barriers to change. Through this project I’m gathering data through SWOT and force field analysis before studying a focus group comprised of members of both teams. The SWOT and force field analysis provide the framework of opportunities through strengths and pushback from having weaknesses and opposition to change. 1) Define the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats based on your analysis of your project. Explain your answer. Our strengths are determined by current elements and behaviors that boost our performance. After talking with several colleagues, one of the primary strengths within our department is proved success and a good reputation built from an experienced staff and involved leadership. Mayo is currently considered number two in healthcare supply chains according to Gartner. Another important strength is having the resources to make change. As a major healthcare supplier Mayo Clinic not only has purchasing power, they have the ability to work with development and build software that directly fits our organization. Weaknesses have to do with issues and behaviors within our organization that reduce or quality of care. We identified several weaknesses when thinking about how our teams work together and some barrier to change. Communication is a weakness among our supply chain. Although data travels quite well among teams communication about policy and procedure updates is not communicated or updated appropriately on team websites. Another weakness is trust among teams and team members. There is a lot of repeated verification of data as is flows through the system creating a lot of rework. Opportunities provide possibilities to make change developments that improve quality, efficiency, or lower costs. Several opportunities have also become apparent as the discussion has been opened up among teams. As both teams are newly staffed, there is a lot of opportunity to see how changes in the system can produce more efficient processes. We have also determined that defining roles and cross training could be very beneficial and support flexibility. Threats are influences that pose barriers to maintaining or improving the current state. Threats among our work teams include product disruptions for end users and decreased internal customer satisfaction as well as improper data reporting which can be very costly during annual audits. There are several other threats includ ing buying inaccuracy, and volunteerism among team members to embrace change and take on responsibility. 2) What are the opportunities for change? There is an opportunity for flow improvements as well as cross-training to improve data determination from end users. Mapping out the flow and identifying the best research tools to gather up-to-date, accurate information from within our system and from vendors should help to improve internal customer experience as well as build trust and teamwork. The goal is to reduce the time it takes from request submission to access to items. There is a secondary opportunity for developing better teamwork and communication through this process and outlining responsibilities. 3) What are the driving forces

Everything You Need to Know About Sandstone

Everything You Need to Know About Sandstone Sandstone, simply put, is sand cemented together into rock - this is easy to tell just by looking closely at a specimen. But beyond that simple definition lies an interesting makeup of sediment, matrix,  and cement that can (with investigation) reveal a great deal of valuable geologic information. Sandstone Basics Sandstone is a type of rock made from sediment - a sedimentary rock. The sediment particles are clasts, or pieces, of minerals and fragments of rock, thus sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock. It is composed mostly of sand  particles, which are of medium size; therefore, sandstone is a medium-grained clastic sedimentary rock. More precisely, sand is between 1/16 millimeter and 2 mm in size (silt is finer and gravel is coarser). The sand grains that makeup sandstone are aptly referred to as framework grains. Sandstone may include finer and coarser material and still be called sandstone, but if it includes more than 30 percent grains of gravel, cobble or boulder size its classified instead as conglomerate or breccia (together these are called rudites). Sandstone has two different kinds of material in it besides the sediment particles: matrix and cement. Matrix is the fine-grained stuff (silt and clay size) that was in the sediment along with the sand whereas cement is the mineral matter, introduced later, that binds the sediment into rock. Sandstone with a lot of matrix is called poorly sorted. If matrix amounts to more than 10 percent of the rock, it is called a wacke (wacky). A well-sorted sandstone (little matrix) with little cement is called an arenite. Another way to look at it is that wacke is dirty and arenite is clean. You may notice that none of this discussion mentions any particular minerals, just a certain particle size. But in fact, minerals make up an important part of sandstones geologic story. Minerals of Sandstone Sandstone is formally defined strictly by particle size, but rocks made of carbonate minerals dont qualify as sandstone. Carbonate rocks are called limestone and given a whole separate classification, so sandstone really signifies a silicate-rich rock. (A medium-grained clastic carbonate rock, or limestone sandstone, is called calcarenite.) This division makes sense because limestone is made in clean ocean water, whereas silicate rocks are made from sediment eroded off the continents. Mature continental sediment consists of a handful of surface minerals, and sandstone, therefore, is usually almost all quartz. Other minerals- clays, hematite, ilmenite, feldspar, amphibole, and mica- and small rock fragments (lithics) as well as organic carbon (bitumen) add color and character to the clastic fraction or the matrix. A sandstone with at least 25 percent feldspar is called arkose. A sandstone made of volcanic particles is called tuff.​ The cement in sandstone is usually one of three materials: silica (chemically the same as quartz), calcium carbonate or iron oxide. These may infiltrate the matrix and bind it together, or they may fill the spaces where there is no matrix. Depending on the mix of matrix and cement, sandstone may have a wide range of color from nearly white to nearly black, with gray, brown, red, pink and buff in between. How Sandstone Forms Sandstone forms where sand is laid down and buried. Usually, this happens offshore from river deltas, but desert dunes and beaches can leave sandstone beds in the geologic record too. The famous red rocks of the Grand Canyon, for instance, formed in a desert setting. Fossils can be found in sandstone, although the energetic environments where sand beds form dont always favor preservation. Grand Canyon National Park. Dean Fikar / Getty Images   When sand is deeply buried, the pressure of burial and slightly higher temperatures allow minerals to dissolve or deform and become mobile. The grains become more tightly knit together, and the sediments are squeezed into a smaller volume. This is the time when cementing material moves into the sediment, carried there by fluids charged with dissolved minerals. Oxidizing conditions lead to red colors from iron oxides while reducing conditions lead to darker and grayer colors. What Sandstone Says The sand grains in sandstone give information about the past: The presence of feldspar and lithic grains means that the sediment is close to the mountains where it arose.Detailed studies of sandstone give insight into its provenance- the kind of countryside that produced the sand.The degree to which the grains are rounded is a sign of how far they were transported.A frosted surface is generally a sign that sand was transported by wind- that, in turn, means a sandy desert setting. Various features in sandstone are signs of the past environment: Ripples can indicate the local water currents or wind directions.Load structures, sole marks, rip-up clasts, and similar features are fossil footprints of ancient currents.Liesegang bands are signs of chemical action after burial of the sand. The layers, or bedding, in sandstone are also signs of the past environment: Turbidite sequences point to a marine setting.Crossbedding (truncated, tilted sandstone layering) is a rich source of information on currents.Interbeds of shale or conglomerate may indicate episodes of different climate. More About Sandstone Noppawat Tom Charoensinphon / Getty Images As a landscaping and building stone, sandstone is full of character, with warm colors. It can also be quite durable. The majority of sandstone quarried today is used as flagstones. Unlike commercial granite, commercial sandstone is the same as what the geologists say it is. Sandstone is the official state rock of Nevada. Magnificent sandstone outcrops in the state can be seen at Valley of Fire State Park.   With a great deal of heat and pressure, sandstones turn to the metamorphic rocks quartzite or gneiss, tough rocks with tightly packed mineral grains.

Salem Witch Trials Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Salem Witch Trials - Essay Example The fear that swept through the colony would in today's time be irrational but during this era of Puritanism it was a balanced and bona fide response. Puritans believed that the devil offered material recompense for collusion with him. Some of the evidence used in the trials was spectral evidence whereby those who had been affected claimed they had seen the apparition of the person who had afflicted them. In order for this to happen the Devil, it was said, had to be given permission by the accused to use their shape when appearing before their victims. A minister who was involved in the trials, Increase Mather and other ministers wrote a letter to the courts of Salem insisting that spectral evidence alone should not be used to convict the accused. (Mather, 1693) During one trial the accused Mary Osgood in her defense stated "the Lord would not suffer it so to be, that the devil should afflict in an innocent persons shape". She talked about how the devil had offered her rewards for her collusion and whilst she had agreed was able to prove that actually her life had become worse since her involvement with Satan and therefore had never fulfilled any commitment made to him (Reis, 1997). Consequently her life was spared. It was the women who denied conspiracy with Satan that faced execution for witch craft and testified that they would gain absolution from God upon death due to their innocence. At Sarah Goods execution she proclaimed the following to the minister "I am no more a witch than you are a wizard and if you take away my life God will give you blood to drink" (Reis, 1997). During the trials the situation reached hysterical proportions and it is the sheer size of the occurrences of accusations that has warranted further investigation to create a rationale for the multitude of persecutions. Even during the trials the hysteria generated called some individuals to instigate an examination of possible alternatives to witchcraft. The initial accusations in Salem Village resulted with the testimony of Betty Parris, age 9, the daughter of Reverend Samuel Parris, the Puritan Minister of Salem during the trials, and her cousin Abigail Williams, age 11, the young girls began having fits that were said to be "beyond the power of epileptic fits or natural disease to effect" (Hale, 1697). Other women in the village also began to display similar symptoms shortly after. The women accused of affecting the girls through the powers of witchcraft were Sarah Osborne, Sarah Good and a female slave called Tituba who was indentured to the Parris family. Sarah Osborn was marri ed to one of her own servants and rarely attended church, Sarah Good was renowned for begging and asking for shelter and Tituba had a different background to that of Puritanism. The girls had accused Tituba of witchcraft and she was consequently beaten into a confession that she was indeed a witch. Due to these three individuals hardly measuring up to being what would have been deemed at the time as respectable members of the Puritan community they were obvious suspects for the rituals of witchcraft. However it wasn't long before upstanding and often influential members of their community began being accused

Art of the renaissance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art of the renaissance - Essay Example I am trying to persuade one of my patrons to support these young men and so it was a fortunate coincidence that allowed me to come and view your works at the same time. I very much enjoyed my visit to that quaint little corner of the city behind the Cathedral of San Marco. It was most interesting to see the new works that Fra Angelico is doing for the monks there and I do believe that they will soon be finished. I don’t expect you will be permitted to view them, my dear, because the monks will hardly be prepared to open their doors to even one so beautiful as you, on the grounds that you are a women and hence forbidden to enter their hallowed rooms. I do assure you, however, that Fra Angelico’s frescoes are magnificent and truly a masterpiece worthy of this fine city of ours. I happened to meet him when I was coming out of the tavern, and he says that there has never been a more glorious time or place for art than our beloved Florence at the present time. When I told hi m that I was coming to see your paintings, he was most intrigued and informed me that he had indeed spied one or two young women carrying easel and paints and setting out their wares for sale at the marketplace alongside the boys. My how times have changed since my youth! I always have fond memories of your innocence and beauty since the days when I used to visit your father so many years ago. Your mama told me that one day you would be married to young Giovanni and live in that beautiful house by the lagoon. It is so very pleasing to see you all grown up and experimenting with art in your spare time now that you have settled down to married life. I expect that you have very little time for painting now, what with all your wifely duties, and so it is all the more fitting that you should have a chance to hang your paintings in public just for once before you have a family. I must say that I found your paintings delightful in their naive and honest depiction of womanly habits. Your ap preciation of the intricacies of female dress gave me a glimpse of the lady’s dressing room, and I am sure no man could have captured the mood of these scenes quite as well as you have managed it. Of course, there are some technical points that you have yet to learn, but I feel that I can excuse some such faults in your composition because you have not had the benefit of formal tuition in the way that my young Florentine apprentices have had. They will one day astonish us all with their brilliance, because they can match the power of the imagination with the skill acquired through long training at the feet of master artists. But you, my dear, have studied your subject well, and your pictures will no doubt be very useful as gifts to your adoring friends and family who will adorn the walls of their private spaces with your little oeuvres. I was particularly impressed with your copies of the work of Michelangelo. I expect that he will one day be revered across the whole of Europ e, because he captures the spirit of our age so perfectly. You would do well to copy his work more in the future, if you have time to continue your hobby, because he will teach you so many wonderful things about space, and proportion and texture – things that you could have learned about if you had been a man. As it

Effects of Magnetic Fields Produced from Long Wires

Effects of Magnetic Fields Produced from Long Wires Faradays Law Laboratory Exercise An investigation into the effects of magnetic fields produced from long wires and comparison of theoretical and experimental results through the use of Amperes Law and Faradays Law Contents 1. Summary 2. Introduction 2.1 Introduction to Method 2.1.1 Apparatus 2.1.2 Procedure 3. Results 3.1 Single Wire Experiment 3.2 Single wire experiment with Ferrite Core 3.3 Double Wire Experiment 4. Discussion 5. Conclusion 6. References Appendix A Raw Data Electromagnets and the magnetic fields that they produce provide the foundations for the development of various major industries in modern society, including medicine, transport and robotics. However, there can be inaccuracies with their use caused by a phenomenon known as Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). In this experiment, a search coil was placed near a fixed wire with a current flowing through it, and the induced voltage across the coil was measured and recorded as the coil was moved away from the wire to investigate the effect of distance on the magnitude of the magnetic flux while the effects of a ferrite core on the magnetic field produced were also explored. The experimental and theoretical results highlighted the same trends, confirming the expectation that an increase in distance would cause a decrease in the magnitude of magnetic flux. The differences in results can be considered due to EMI from the return connection, which can induce unwanted voltages in the circuit. A magnetic field is the region in the neighbourhood of a magnet, electric current or changing electric field in which magnetic forces are observable. (1) An electromagnetic field is the form of magnetic field generated by the flow of electric current; it is caused by the movement and acceleration of the electrons. (2) Electromagnets play an important role in the continued development of many major industries, while there are already numerous useful applications of them in modern society. The electromagnetic fields they produce are vital in: medical practises such as MRI scans where they are used to alter the alignment of hydrogen atoms in the body (3); the production of high-speed Maglev trains which eliminates friction by allowing the train to levitate (4) and the continued scientific research into superconductors and rapid acceleration which provides the basis for particle accelerators. (5) However, constantly changing electromagnetic fields, especially in electric circuits, can cause a phenomenon known as Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) which can induce unwanted voltages and affect the performance of electronic devices. The area of engineering which aims to eradicate the problems caused by these disturbances is known as Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). (6)(7) Two equations which form the fundamental basis for electromagnetism and its understanding are Amperes Circuital Law and Faradays Law. Amperes Law states that the magnetic field, B, caused by an electric current is proportional to the size of the electric current. (8) (equation 1) However, in this experiment, the current, I, flowing through the circuit remains constant, as does the permeability of free space, , and 2à Ã¢â€š ¬, and therefore the magnetic field, B, is expected to be inversely proportional to the distance from the wire. Faradays Law states that any change in the magnetic environment of a wire will cause a voltage to be induced in the wire. (9) (equation 2) If = BA and a sinusoidal variation of the magnetic field is assumed: (equation 3) where is the induced voltage, N is the turns on the coil, A is the area of the coil and is the angular frequency. As N, A and are constant, the magnetic field, B, should be directly proportional to the induced voltage, E, in this investigation. 2.1 Introduction to Method 2.1.1 Apparatus Agilent signal generator to vary the frequency of the signal provided to the circuit. Twin wire board as shown in figures 1 and 2, containing a fixed wire, an adjustable return connection wire and a 50ÃŽÂ © resistor in series with the circuit. Rectangular air cored coil of dimensions 30mm x 30mm and containing 50 turns, used to measure the changing B field from the wire. Ferrite core to alter the effects of the B field on the coil. Digital Multimeter to record the voltages across the resistor and the search coil, measuring with an uncertainty of +0.0005mV. 2.1.2 Procedure The long wire board was connected to the Agilent signal generator, ensuring that the 50ÃŽÂ © resistor was in series with the circuit. One connection was made using the fixed wire on the board; the other was made using a long connection lead kept the farthest distance away from the experiment as possible, as demonstrated in figure 1. A sign wave signal of frequency 60kHz was selected and the voltage across the resistor recorded, allowing a current to be calculated. The rectangular search coil was then placed against the fixed wire 2cm away from the centre line and the voltage across the coil measured. The coil was then moved at a right angle away from the fixed wire in increments of 1cm and the voltage across the coil measured at each of these points. The input sign wave frequency was then altered to 30kHz and the experimental procedure was repeated. The input sign wave frequency was then returned to 60Hz and a round ferrite core inserted into the search coil; the experiment was th en repeated again. The long connection lead was then changed to provide a short connection as shown in figure 2. A sign wave signal of frequency 60kHz was again selected and the current calculated. The rectangular search coil was then placed against the short connection wire 2cm away from the centre line and the voltage across the coil measured. The coil was then moved in the same manner as above and the voltages recorded. The input sign wave frequency was again altered to 30kHz and the experiment was repeated. The current through the circuit was calculated using Ohms law: where V is the measured voltage across the resistor (3.385 V) and R is the known resistor value 50ÃŽÂ ©, giving = 191mA. For the single wire and double wire at both frequencies, and the single wire at 60kHz with the ferrite core, the distance of the search coil away from the wire, d, and the RMS voltage across the search coil, E, were recorded and collected in three tables which can be found in Appendix A. The RMS voltages measured were then converted into peak-to-peak voltage values for use in equation 3. The resultant experimental B fields for the respective frequencies were then calculated using equation 3, using N = 50 and A = 9x and included in the tables. 3.1 Single Wire Experiment For the single wire experiment, theoretical values for the magnetic flux density at each distance were then calculated using equation 1. A graph of B against the distance from the wire was then plotted for both frequencies and a comparison between experimental and theoretical values made on both graphs. 3.2 Single wire experiment with Ferrite Core With the ferrite core introduced into the search coil, at a frequency of 60kHz, the voltage across the search coil was measured and a graph of the induced EMF, V, against distance plotted. The induced EMF without the ferrite core is also plotted for reference. 3.3 Double Wire Experiment For the double wire experiment, two theoretical values for the magnetic flux density were calculated; one for the magnetic flux induced by the fixed wire and one for the magnetic flux induced by the short connection wire. These were both calculated using equation 1, using a reference of +0cm for the short connection and +15cm for the fixed wire. These values were then combined using the principle of superposition and an overall theoretical value for magnetic flux density at each distance calculated. Again, a graph of B against the distance from the wire was plotted for both frequencies and a comparison between experimental and theoretical values made on both graphs. It was expected that as the distance of the search coil away from the fixed wire increased, the voltage induced across the coil would decrease and therefore the magnetic flux density, B, would also decrease. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical data points from figures 3 and 4 shows a clear correlation between the two calculations, confirming the theory discussed in section 2 of the report. The slight discrepancies between the experimental and theoretical values can be accredited to possible electromagnetic interference (EMI) from the long connection lead, inducing unwanted voltages across the coil and affecting the accuracy of the results. The scale of magnetic flux is affected by the angle at which the flux density and the surface interact such that , where ÃŽÂ ¸ is angle between the magnetic flux, B, and the normal to the surface. When the normal to the coil is parallel to the wire, ÃŽÂ ¸ = 90 ° and therefore cos(ÃŽÂ ¸) = 0, proposing that the theoretical value of magnetic flux is 0. When the coil was placed perpendicular to the fixed wire, a voltage of 0.541mV was measured, which can be approximated to 0V. The small induced voltage can be considered due to the presence of a background magnetic field. With the ferrite introduced into the search coil, the emf induced in the coil is measured to be significantly larger than with no ferrite present, as can be seen from figure 5. Due to the high magnetic permeability of a compound such as a ferrite, the magnetic field produced by the coil is concentrated in the core material, reducing the effects of EMI and increasing the induced emf in the coil. (10) In the double wire experiment, the voltage induced in the search coil is created through a combination of the magnetic fields produced from both the fixed wire and the short wire. Because it is a series circuit, the current is flowing in opposite directions in each of the wires and consequently, from the right-hand rule, the magnetic fields from each wire are also acting in opposite directions, demonstrated in figure 8. Therefore, it would be expected that the induced voltage across the coil, and subsequently the magnetic flux, B, would be smaller than those measured in the single wire experiment and this is confirmed through the values shown in Appendix A. As the coil is moved away from the wires, the magnetic field weakens but at a decreased rate as the distance increases; therefore, we would expect a graph displaying a reciprocal nature, achieved in figures 3 and 4. To conclude, the experiment outlined in this report was successful in demonstrating the effects of magnetic fields produced by long wires and the effects of ferrite on the emf induced in a coil, successfully validating the theory from section 2 that the magnitude of the magnetic flux field, B, is proportional to the reciprocal of the distance of the coil from the wire. However, the consistently higher experimental values compared to the theoretical values clearly demonstrates the possible disturbances arising from the interaction between two different magnetic fields and highlights the need to minimise these to achieve accurate results. Through the introduction of a ferrite core, this experiment was successful in demonstrating a simple method for this. The findings from this experiment are statistically insignificant due to the nature of the apparatus used and the various possible sources of error, both systematic, because of EMI, and human, arising from the low level of accuracy when measuring distances and ensuring the coil remains parallel to the wire. However, the experiment was useful in showing the basic relationship between distance and the strength of magnetic flux, as well as highlighting the importance of finding solutions to reduce the effects of EMI on induced voltages and introducing a simple method for realizing this. [1] Encyclopaedia Britannica, Magnetic Field, Encyclopaedia Brittanica, [Online]. Available: https://www.britannica.com/science/magnetic-field. [Accessed 19 October 2016]. [2] M. Rouse, Electromagnetic Field, March 2010. [Online]. Available: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/electromagnetic-field. [Accessed 20 October 2016]. [3] Institute of Physics, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2012. [Online]. Available: www.iop.org/education/teacher/resources/teaching-medical-physics/magnetic/file_56290.pdf. [Accessed 20 October 2016]. [4] K. Bonsor, Maglev Train, 13 October 2000. [Online]. Available: http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/maglev-train.htm. [Accessed 19 October 2016]. [5] M. Williams, Use of Electromagnets, 13 January 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.universetoday.com/39295/uses-of-electromagnets/. [Accessed 21 October 2016]. [6] Andi, What is electromagnetic interference and how does it affect us?, [Online]. Available: https://www.westfloridacomponents.com/blog/what-is-electromagnetic-interference-emi-and-how-does-it-affect-us/. [Accessed 21 October 2016]. [7] M. Soleimani, Faradays Law, University of Bath, 2016. [8] D. Wood, Amperes Law: Definiton Examples, [Online]. Available: http://study.com/academy/lesson/amperes-law-definition-examples.html. [Accessed 22 October 2016]. [9] Hyper Physics, Faradays Law, [Online]. Available: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:85jQ17DaK1wJ:hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/farlaw.html+cd=2hl=enct=clnkgl=uk. [Accessed 21 October 2016]. [10] Wikipedia, Magnetic Core, [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_core. [Accessed 23 October 2016]. Single Wire Single Wire with Ferrite Core Double Wire

Gather facts interview

In most cases, information systems are formal, computer based systems that play an integral role in organizations. Some information systems include: transaction processing systems, which simply record the routine transactions needed to conduct business, like payroll, shipping, or sales orders: and office automation systems, which are intended to increase the productivity of office errors and include such systems like word processing, electronic mail, and digital filing. The various types of information systems in an organization are interconnected to allow for information sharing.Inventory management to a layman may be defined as a system used in a firm to control the firm investment in inventory. According to (T LUCY 1 996) it involves the recording and monitoring of stock levels, forecasting future demands and decides when and how many to order. 1. 1 Background of the Study Divine supermarket is located in Nassau town along Him road, it deals in grocery. It uses the manual system o f sales transactions and purchases. Sales recording, when a product is being sold the records are just written on papers and books manually.This leads to poor data Storage and retrieval. Customer registration, the details of the customers are recorded whenever they enters the supermarket and this is done manually with a pen and the book where the same details can be recorded many times leading to data redundancy. Stocks updating, in order for the staff to know the amount of stock available, the manager just count the products one by one. This takes a lot of time and onetime leads to counting errors hence producing poor results.The finding shows the challenges facing the manual system of inventory management system; the manual system requires everyday counting of items in the inventory, human errors are very prevalent during counting and recording and in case of disaster like fire or flood or poor communication, all the manual inventory records will be damaged and irretrievable. The accountant manually computes and totals the amount of monthly sales, purchases and expenses. In manual inventory, missing receipts, sales, expenses and inventory records are hard to track back. 1. 2 Problem StatementProcesses at Divine are managed manually which results into poor record keeping and management, time wastage in retrieving information, data redundancy, monetary loss resulting from poor calculations, duplication of data and data insecurity. 1. 3 Objectives of the Study 1. 3 . 1 Main objective To develop an automated inventory management system that saves time, reduce costs, and provide quality services for customers. 1. 3. 2 Specific objectives I. To study and analyses the current system. Ii. To design the system iii. To implement the system iv. To test the system 1. 4 Research Questions I. How does the current system work? I. What are requirements for designing an inventory management system? Iii. How the system is implemented? Iv. What are the methods used for testing the system? 1. 5 Scope of the Study 1. 5. 1 Geographical scope This research work covers stock control, sales management, customer registration, purchases and tends to correct anomalies in the supermarket database. It analyses stock updates and ability to view existing stock. It provides quick way of operation by capturing the manual processes and automates them. 1-5. 2 Time scope The study covered a period of five months from September 2014 to January 2015 1. Significance of the Study . To provide an effective supermarket database that handles sales, purchases and overall stock control to save time, prevent congestion of customers and provide data recovery program for effectiveness of the supermarket operations. Ii. To act as a ground for the future scholars or academics in future research in the field of improving inventory management. Iii. To reduce the costs of information storage and retrieval. CHAPTER MO LITERATURE REVIEW 2. 0 Introduction This chapter gives a view of the sel ected existing system from literature on inventory management.It covers the overview of the types of inventory kept ND system design and implementation. According to (S. C Sahara (1999). P. 509, 512). Inventory is considered as a systematic location, storage and recording of goods in such away that desired degree of service can be made to the operating shops at a minimum ultimate cost According to (Pander 1990) inventory management is stock of the product a firm is manufacturing for sale and the components that makes up a product. Firm hold inventory in a form of raw material, work in progress, finished goods and supplies.These inventories facilitates production and sales operation, guard against the risk f unpredictable changes in usage and delivery time and take advantage of quality discount and price frustration. Donnelly (1990) states that inventory management and control process are very useful in determining the optimum level of inventories and finding answers to the problem o f economic order quality, the re-order point and safety stock. 2. 1 Inventory Control and Management Inventory management is defined as the system in a firm to control the firm's investment in inventory.It involves the recording and monitoring of stock level, fostering future demand and deciding on when and how to order. The objective of inventory management is to minimize in total, the cost associated with inventory (T Lucy, 1996). According to Salem (1 997), inventory control refers to a planned method of purchasing and storing materials at the lowest possible cost without affecting the production distribution schedule. Inventory control therefore is a scientific method of determining what, when and how much to have in stock for a given period of time. 2. Importance of inventory Management Systems Inventory management is an important part of a business because inventories are usually the largest expenses incurred from business operations. Most companies will use an inventory manag ement system that will track and maintain the inventories required to meet customer demand. Most systems used by companies are linked to meet the management or accounting information systems increasing the effectiveness of their operations. (Kumara Nixon 2006) 2. 2. 1 Inventory Orders Inventory management system help business order inventory by accurately recording consumer sales.Electronic inventory systems can track sales in a real time- time format, ordering inventory automatically when current stock hits a predetermined minimum levels. Electronic ordering known as electronic Data interchange (EDI), allows companies to maintain the proper amount of stock by not increasing costs through over- ordering of inventory . EDI also ensures placed orders are placed immediately, ensuring shortly amounts o lead times to receive new inventory(junkyards Nixon 2006) . 2. 2. 2 Stock Maintenance Computerized inventory management system allows companies to properly order and maintain several diff erent types of goods.Different styles, colors or size can easily be managed to ensure that consumers demand is met through offering a variety of goods. Most companies use inventory management to pep stock items separate from similar goods this allows management to determine which items are selling and which items need to be reduced from inventory based on poor sales. (Saxons 2003) 2. 3 The existing inventory management system This is the manual system where the customer buys a product by moving around the stock looking for the product without specific directions and after words goes to the cashier and pays for the product.A t this stage the accountant just write using a pen and a book to record the transaction and the total amount for sales and purchases are computed manually using a calculator. And lastly a receipt is issued. This consumes a lot of time and even leads to data redundancy Customer registration is done manually whenever he/she enters the supermarket using books for re cord keeping which leads to redundancy of data. When stock is added, they just use man counting around stock to know the current status. 2. 3. Difficulties in the Manual Inventory System The current system operates manual inventory system, from stocks, products, ordering and purchases etc recorded in a book. This is faced with errors, incompleteness, and insufficient data for analysis. Information regarding tock, products, sales and purchases are still in black and white which is not properly organized and managed. From the wholesalers to retailer bills, tickets, vouchers, receipts of products are recorded in a book but further operations are not being properly handled. As a result it is difficult in processing, updating and managing.The factors for these difficulties are: Time Consumption, Manual inventory systems are time consuming, as the business owner must keep track of inventory sales on a daily basis, while updating the system manually at the end of the day. Poor Communicatio n, A annual inventory requires employees and managers to write down each time an item is removed from the inventory. If one employee forgets to mention that the last coffee product has been removed from the inventory, a manager expects the item to still be available for a customer during a sale.Compared with a technical inventory system, a manual inventory system does not help the communication in the workplace. Physical Counts, A manual inventory system does not provide any number, as all numbers from the inventory are gained through physical inventory counts. One of the difficulties of running a annual inventory system is that physical inventory counts must be performed frequently to control the items in the inventory. This is time consuming and can cost the business money, if employees must come in to help out outside of business hours.Daily Purchases, Keeping track of daily purchases is another difficult controlling measure with manual inventory systems. A manual inventory syste m requires the employees to write down the items sold during a single work day. This can be a difficult task, as one employee may lose the list of items sold or another may forget to write down a sale. Ordering Supplies, A manual inventory system does not update at the end of the day with updated inventory counts. This means you must go through the inventory items each time you need to place an order for new raw materials, products or supplies for the inventory.This can be a time consuming process, as you will physically have to go through each product box and browse through the items. 2. 4 The proposed inventory management system This is an automated inventory management system where all transactions are done electronically. In this, when a customer picks a product from stock takes it to the checkout assistants. Then the checkout assistants use bar code readers to scan purchases which are linked to the application program that uses a bar code reader to find the price of the item fr om the product database and then the stock is automatically reduced by the system.The program then reduces the number of such items in a stock and displays the price on the cash register. And customers' details are recorded. Most companies use inventory management to keep stock items separate from similar goods this allows management to determine which items are selling and which items need to be reduced from inventory based on poor sales. Saxons 2003) 2. 4. 1 Benefits of the proposed system I. Optimize the security and validity of the number of supplies, sales, purchases, expenses every month. Ii. Easier tracking down the purchases, expenses and inventory records. Ii. Support for inventory management that helps record and track materials on the basis of both quantity and value. Iv. Uses less of time for the accessing data or information. V. All data or information that currently stored in the drawers or racks will be transfer to the database system that will be safely saved in the computer. CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. 0 Introduction This chapter contains the research design, population study, sampling design, data collection and system analysis. A qualitative research will be used by the research. . 1 System investigation This will involve investigating the weaknesses of the system where the system investigation techniques like case diagrams will be used. Case diagrams depict the system's operation where they demonstrate system processes. Questionnaires given to a large number of users Formal interviews with selected key personnel Observing a sample of users as they go about their daily tasks with the current system Analyzing existing documents to understand what data is created and how it is then manipulated by the system. . 2 Population study The study area was Divine supermarket and the study population consisted of the manager, and staff and customers. The sample size 30 respondents were interviewed with the use interviews, questionnaires and ob servations 3. 3 Data gathering techniques 33. 1 Interview This will involve face to face direct conversation were questions and answers where he main theme. The researcher will approach the users directly in order to obtain comments and notes about the current supermarket inventory management system.The interview questions will be designed in line with the objectives Of the study . The interviewees mentioned the problems that where encountered in the use manual system and also gave the possible causes of the problems which where faced. It is unlikely that a single interview with a user will cover everything the analyst needs to know. Therefore part of the plan should include 3 interview types I. An initial interview This interview is to scope out the overall problem that the new system is to solve and any shortcomings in the current system.This interview provides the analyst with a context for the project. This information is recorded in the definition part of the the requirements d ocument ii. Gather facts interview The initial interview allowed the analyst to have a view of the project and begin to understand what needs to be done. This second interview is intended to gather detailed information about the system. This information helps build up the draft requirements document iii. Final interview The draft requirements document has been written.This interview goes through the relevant part of it with the interviewee (who could be user, management or customer). They confirm that the requirement document is correct or they provide feedback if any changes need to be made. 3. 3. 2 Observations. This will include observation of the services of the current system. The researcher will use this process to verify the data collected from the above methods and also to capture some more data that could have been ignored. And will be done by looking at the systems performance of the supermarket. Methods of observation could be either direct or indirect. . Direct. As in si tting next to the user and viewing work done. This has the advantage f being able to ask questions as you go along but has the disadvantage of users being uncomfortable with someone looking over their shoulder. This may lead to people carrying out the task as it ‘should' be done rather than how they really do it. Ii. Indirect With their permission, users could be viewed with remote video cameras. This avoids the awkwardness of being right next to them but it has the disadvantage of being less able to ask questions on the spot.It is also more costly to set up and may be impractical in open-air environments (for example fire-brigade or ambulance systems perhaps). 3. 3. Questionnaires The questionnaires were closed ended to enable the respondents to understand them and answer them appropriately with ease. It will include the liker scale that is Agree, strongly agree, not sure, disagree, and strongly disagree. I. Closed questions (multiple choice), These are easy to analyze but th e choices provided must be different enough to make it simple for the user to select one. They must also include the most relevant choices. I. Open questions, these offer the chance to obtain more detailed answers and to seek opinions. They are however more difficult to analyze than closed questions and people may not provide useful answers. 3. 4 System analysis This will involve careful analysis and study to understand how the designed system would differ from the old system. It describes what system should do so as to satisfy the needs of the user. It will also involve study of sets of interacting entities, including computer systems analysis. This field is closely related to requirements analysis or operations research.It is also â€Å"an explicit formal inquiry carried out to help someone (referred to as the decision maker) identify a better course of action and make a better decision than he eight otherwise have made. † This will be done in form of expressing responses a s squares correlation of the population and by use of frequency distribution tables and SPAS. 3. 5 System design This will involve a detailed specification of the computer-based solution to the above-mentioned requirements. Context diagram, Data flow diagrams and entity relationships diagrams will be used for designing the proposed system. . 5. 1 Data Flow Diagram The DEED Diagram for Inventory Management System is a data flow diagram of graphical representation and commonly used also for the visualization of tortured design data processing through an information system, it's an important technique for modeling process aspects with a system's high-level detail by showing what kinds Of data will be/how to input and Output from the system, where the data will come from and go to by sequentially, and where the data result will be stored through functional transformations.

Analysis Of The Movie Georgina - 893 Words

5. According to Goffman, patients commonly create narratives about themselves in order to make more desirable self-presentations of themselves to others. In other words, patients will commonly make up past achievements about themselves in order to create a better self-image. In the movie, Georgina, who was Susanna’s roommate, was a pathological liar. Throughout the film, she continuously told lies in order to better her self-presentation. For instance, she threatens another patient when she says â€Å"My dad is the head of the CIA and he could have you dead in minutes†. She used this lie to portray herself as having powerful and influential family members and to depict herself in a better way to the other patients. Furthermore, Goffman writes, â€Å"One typically finds that he constructs an image of his life course – past, present, and future – which selects, abstracts, and distorts in such a way as to provide him with a view of himself which he can usefu lly expound in current situations† (Goffman 1961:498). This is seen through another character in the film, Polly. Polly is a disfigured patient checked into the mental hospital because of her schizophrenia and depression. She has various burns on her face and body and tells the other patients she was part of a bad fire. This causes the other patients to feel bad for her and show her sympathy. However, in reality Polly was not trapped in a fire, but rather she set herself on fire. If she told the other patients this, they would viewShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Girl Interrupted2171 Words   |  9 PagesMovie Analysis: Girl, Interrupted. Brittany Clontz Nursing 114 Girl interrupted is a gripping tale of a girl’s maladaptation to the challenges of life. The movie focuses on a young girl named Suzanna Kaysen growing up in the 1960s and struggling with the world around her. Suzanna is admitted to Clarmoore institution after she consumes a whole bottle of aspirin and alcohol to deal with her pain. When admitted to Clarmoore she claims she was not trying to commit suicide, but that she just had a headache

How To Calculate the Variance and Standard Deviation

Variance and standard deviation are two closely related measures of variation that you will hear about a lot in studies, journals, or statistics class. They are two basic and fundamental concepts in statistics that must be understood in order to understand most other statistical concepts or procedures. Below, we’ll review what they are and how to find the variance and standard deviation. Key Takeaways: Variance and Standard Deviation The variance and standard deviation show us how much the scores in a distribution vary from the average.The standard deviation is the square root of the variance.For small data sets, the variance can be calculated by hand, but statistical programs can be used for larger data sets. Definition By definition, variance and standard deviation are both measures of variation for interval-ratio variables. They describe how much variation or diversity there is in a distribution. Both the variance and standard deviation increase or decrease based on how closely the scores cluster around the mean. Variance is defined as the average of the squared deviations from the mean. To calculate the variance, you first subtract the mean from each number and then square the results to find the squared differences. You then find the average of those squared differences. The result is the variance. The standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the numbers in a distribution are. It indicates how much, on average, each of the values in the distribution deviates from the mean, or center, of the distribution. It is calculated by taking the square root of the variance. A Conceptual Example The variance and standard deviation are important because they tell us things about the data set that we can’t learn just by looking at the mean, or average. As an example, imagine that you have three younger siblings: one sibling who is 13, and twins who are 10. In this case, the average age of your siblings would be 11. Now imagine that you have three siblings, ages 17, 12, and 4. In this case, the average age of your siblings would still be 11, but the variance and standard deviation would be larger. A Quantitative Example Let’s say we want to find the variance and standard deviation of the age among your group of 5 close friends. The ages of you and your friends are 25, 26, 27, 30, and 32. First, we must find the mean age: (25 26 27 30 32) / 5 28. Then, we need to calculate the differences from the mean for each of the 5 friends. 25 – 28 -326 – 28 -227 – 28 -130 – 28 232 – 28 4 Next, to calculate the variance, we take each difference from the mean, square it, then average the result. Variance ( (-3)2 (-2)2 (-1)2 22 42)/ 5 (9 4 1 4 16 ) / 5 6.8 So, the variance is 6.8. And the standard deviation is the square root of the variance, which is 2.61. What this means is that, on average, you and your friends are 2.61 years apart in age. Although it’s possible to calculate the variance by hand for smaller data sets such as this one, statistical software programs can also be used to calculate the variance and standard deviation. Sample Versus Population When conducting statistical tests, it’s important to be aware of the difference between a population and a sample. To calculate the standard deviation (or variance) of a population, you would need to collect measurements for everyone in the group you’re studying; for a sample, you would only collect measurements from a subset of the population. In the example above, we assumed that the group of five friends was a population; if we had treated it as a sample instead, calculating the sample standard deviation and sample variance would be slightly different (instead of dividing by the sample size to find the variance, we would have first subtracted one from the sample size and then divided by this smaller number). Importance of the Variance and Standard Deviation The variance and standard deviation are important in statistics, because they serve as the basis for other types of statistical calculations. For example, the standard deviation is necessary for converting test scores into Z-scores. The variance and standard deviation also play an important role when conducting statistical tests such as t-tests. References Frankfort-Nachmias, C. Leon-Guerrero, A. (2006). Social Statistics for a Diverse Society. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press.